Colloquia

Samenvatting

This study presents a simulation model for a renewable energy system for the residential heating of five households. The system integrates photovoltaic electricity (PV) generation, battery storage, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyses and high-pressure hydrogen storage. Data from the Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) for 2023 was used for the modelling of a 140 kWp solar system, this together with a 350 kWh lithium-ion battery was used to supply a steady source of power for a 25 kW PEM electrolyser. This electrolyser was modelled with well-established electrochemical equations for its operating voltage consisting of the open circuit voltage, ohmic polarization and activation polarization. The produced hydrogen was used in the heating of the residential homes according to their current heating distribution with natural gas. To overcome the seasonal variability that comes with solar power and residential heating a storage system consisting of a hydrogen compressor and tank were included in the system. The tank was a 35 m3 cylindrical storage tank which reached a maximum pressure of 558.5 bar which is below its maximum limit of 700 bar. The simulation reached an annual solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 49.3% which shows the feasibility of using solar power to generate hydrogen for residential heating. System safety and public acceptance were also evaluated. The key findings are that with government support and clear communication, a majority of respondents (81%) feel as safe or safer using hydrogen systems compared to natural gas.